Moulovibazar is a town and pourashava in north-eastern Bangladesh just south of Sylhet. It is the capital of Moulovibazar Sadar Upazila and Moulovibazar District, and is located on the banks of the Manu River. The town has a high population density.

In 1771, Moulvi Syed Qudratullah established a bazaar near the banks of the Manu River using his zamindari land. He started importing edible goods, such as fruits and vegetables opening up opportunities for people to purchase as well as sell. The location allowed easy access through river and land transport. The bazaar became the headquarters of South Sylhet subdivision in 1882.